The study was part of an extensive international comparison of health care systems with the focus on “digitisation”. The overall objective was to collect and evaluate data on the status, level of use and key success criteria for effective digitisation strategies. The central impact element is the presentation of the international diversity and the success and context factors for a health policy that can consistently and successfully optimise patient care and health competencies through digitisation. For this purpose, two partial studies were conducted: The first study – International Benchmarking and Digital Health Index – developed a novel and independent Digital Health Index that evaluates the state of digitisation of a national health system based on 34 indicators of strategy, technical readiness or digital maturity and actual networked health data exchange. For this purpose, a benchmarking was carried out on the basis of data collected primarily for the study by an international network of experts from 17 EU and OECD countries. The second study – success criteria and degree of use of digital applications – analysed five countries in detail: Denmark, France, Israel, the Netherlands and Switzerland. This second part of the study took a closer look at the political, actor-oriented actions and structures as well as the framework conditions, showed the effects and identified both key success factors and barriers to the digitisation of the health care system.